Security Services Administration and Management

Security Services Administration and Management The recorded advancement of private security in the United States has changed definitely throughout the hundreds of years. The requirement for private security has developed also. There are numerous holes and territories for interruption inside the present open law authorization framework, nearly commanding the need for private security. As the need and desires for the private security develops, so will the capabilities for these positions. Understanding the historical backdrop of the business improvement makes an approach to gain from an earlier time, and roll out vital improvements for the future.Private security is the foundation of the American culture, and will ceaselessly advance to forestall and shield society from a likely damage. In past occasions, the private security industry was used as a methods for reinforcement to open law authorization in creativity and labor. History going back to the 1800’s shows that the police offices were rare and seen as ordinarily degenerate which made the need for private security. The individuals of these occasions needed to use vigilante equity to order some kind of law enforcement.There was a need and an interest for private security. It was not until 1851 that the main national private security and examination administration was built up by Allen Pinkerton (Ortmeier, 2012). After this, numerous people actualized different types of security. For instance, in 1853 August Pope had the principal robber caution licensed, and in 1858, Edwin Holmes delivered the main focal station thief alert (Ortmeier, 2012). Likewise, in 1958, Washington Brinks structured the primary protected carriage for safe transportation of resources. In 1899 SWAT was framed under the private area classification.In 1909, William Burns made a global analyst office (Ortmeier, 2012). Basically these private offices have been around as long as the open organizations in the United States. In todayâ₠¬â„¢s society, these private security offices are fundamental for the insurance and endurance of organizations, people, and even government areas. History has appeared with the execution of another type of private security comes new dangers against them. Private security doesn't mean simply being a shopping center cop; there are a huge number of private organizations being used today.There are sure factors that lead to the need to actualize a critical development inside private security. This can be dated right back to the pre-Civil War period where the absence of open police was clear and brought about the private business to endure a huge financial misfortune. In today’s society, this danger has developed to another outrageous. After the awful occasions that unfolded during 9/11, it became evident that the United States expected to make changes to keep fear based oppression from occurring on its dirt once more. Innovation violations are at an unequaled high; this makes a co nceivably more noteworthy requirement for worldwide security.What began with a bunch of private security choices has developed into a critical number of organizations. â€Å"Private security is turning into an increasingly critical power in open security and wellbeing. 678,160 laborers utilized in private security contrasted and just 580,428 in open law requirement. Private security in this nation would keep on developing, expanding at a quicker pace than open law authorization. It is clear founded on insights, that private security in this nation is bigger than open police organizations and will assume a progressively significant job in wrongdoing anticipation and security in the future† (Clede, 1993).This need will keep on developing since open law enforcement’s numbers will consistently be directed, and basically there will never be sufficient labor to satisfy the needs connected with it. As private security keeps on developing, it keeps on pushing toward polished s kill. As the need develops so do the desires. â€Å"Today private security is pushing toward another demonstrable skill. In characterizing the ideal polished skill, most specialists frequently refer to the requirement for a code of morals and for accreditations including instruction and preparing, experience, and participation in an expert society† (Fischer and Green, 2004).Public law implementation workers are gotten through inordinate preparing to have the option to enough carry out their responsibility and serve general society. They are not simply given a weapon and an identification and advised to ensure people in general. There are such a significant number of things that can go on with regards to wrongdoing and debasement that people need to figure out how to by and by think and respond appropriately when in a circumstance. This can be considerably progressively fundamental in a significant number of the diverse private security territories. Schools offer four-year pre paring projects to help in setting up that person for their situation in the private security industry.There are likewise affirmation programs that guarantee that preparation is given appropriately for the agency’s representatives. Already, the regular security monitor was undertrained, come up short on, and unregulated. In the event that there were no recognizable breaks, these gatekeepers would need to associate with no sort of oversight. Notwithstanding, when occasions happened, the organization needed to address the evil planning given in giving this private security to whatever organization they were ensuring. Another factor that is changing the demonstrable skill in private security is the requests related with the position.There are a wide range of private security offices that manage innovation and determinations. This is an industry that practically changes consistently. The main way that these private security representatives can effectively carry out their responsi bility is to have the correct training, preparing, and nonstop instructional criticism. The national security, monetary industry, and individual protection of the United States might succumb to a danger if these private security organizations are not completely equipped for giving the essential protection.In today’s society, security experts should take a unique enthusiasm for the historical backdrop of the industry’s improvement. Some portion of the improvement is needy after realizing what has and has not been fruitful previously. History has a method of rehashing itself, at times in various varieties, yet the result is comparable. For private security experts they have to realize particulars in regards to the history and movement inside their individual organization. It could likewise be useful to pick up indistinguishable information on comparative offices from well.The history of a private security office can likewise make a route for expected enhancements. Repres entatives can see the movement and comprehend that they are a fundamental piece of things to come. The progressions that secured them yesterday will in all probability be out of date tomorrow. This need for headway will permit them to see the condition that got them to their current practices and keep hidden security specialists one stride in front of what they are attempting to safeguard against. History is a significant piece of any professional’s improvement; this is considerably more genuine with regards to private security and its capacity to ensure and enforce.Private security is the foundation of the American culture, and will persistently advance to forestall and shield society from a possible damage. Over the past couple hundreds of years this idea has gone from nonexistent to a command need for America’s by and large prosperity. The private security industry has become so noteworthy due to the staggering defilement and deceitfulness that is tormenting society . As the necessities change so will the desires, instruction, and prerequisites for the representatives to viably have the option to encourage the security demands.Private security offices will keep on going with the requests to fill in the holes that are left with the open law implementation divisions and give a truly necessary security that would not have been there in any case. References Clede, B. (1993). Security official's manual. Minocqua, WI: Lakeland Pub. Fischer, R. J. , and Green, G. (2004). Prologue to security. Amsterdam: Butterworth-Heinemann. Ortmeier, P. J. (2012). Prologue to security: Operations and the executives (fourth ed. ). Boston: Pearson.

Trend Analysis of Financial Statements †Free Samples to Students

Question: Examine about the Trend Analysis of Financial Statements. Answer: Presentation This report is introduced to exhibit the unwavering quality and proficiency of bookkeeping and monetary revealing over the organization. As ASX recorded organization, Blackmores budget reports are assessed regarding money related announcing. Data is introduced in solid and straightforward way to speak to the real budgetary presentation of organization. It additionally incorporates the budgetary proportions examination to help the effectiveness of fiscal report which makes an away from for the exhibition of business. Slide 1: Accounting and Financial Reporting Slide 2: Table of Content Slide 3: Presentation Introduction Slide 4: Company Background: Blackmores Blackmores constrained is the one of the top brands in the classification of the normal wellbeing in Australia. It bargains in different items, for example, minerals, home grown, nutrient and dietary enhancements. It gives in excess of 250 assortments of nutrient, home grown, minerals and nourishing enhancements. Maurice Blackmore set up the Blackmores restricted in 1930 (Blackmores (2017). The headquarter of Blackmores constrained is in New South Wales, Australia. The Blackmores constrained deals with its business in different nations, for example, China, New Zealand, Singapore, Malaysia, Japan, Thailand, Korea, Cambodia, United States, and Macau. Since most recent 8 years, the Blackmores has been winning most confided in brand in the Australia for nutrients and enhancements. Slide 5: Company Background Offer cost is likewise pointer for the monetary presentation of the organization dependent on the pattern in the stock cost and the administration choices the partners choose to remain or exit from a venture. The great benefits results to increment in the offer cost of an organization on the opposite side it tends to be said that high offer cost of an organization demonstrated expanded benefits of the organization. From year 2013 to year 2015 the organization was performing normal because of a few takeover choices. In any case, its benefits expanded out of nowhere in 2015-16 because of its entrance in Asian market. So the offer cost is at pinnacle of AUD $217.18 in this timeframe and the choices of the administration is having direct effect on the offer execution as partners relies upon the money related and bookkeeping data of an organization (BKL AU, 2017). Slide 6: Financial Performance Evaluation of Blackmores From the perception of monetary record, it tends to be expressed that there is an enormous distinction between the benefit of 2016 and 2015 as AUS$2,94,624 and AUS$1,87,844 which can impact the choices of partners. Then again, current liabilities of organization is estimated as AUS$2,53,430 in year 2016 which can likewise a point that the liabilities over the organizations are additionally expanding that likewise have unfavorable effect over the partners to pass judgment on the dependability of organization in context advertise. Then again, the liabilities and resources both are expanding with immense turn in this way, it very well may be inferred that the market catch system brought the effect over the money related information of Blackmore. As far as value, it very well may be surmisings that save subsidizing of business has decreased from AUS$8063 to AUS$5252 M. On the opposite side it is likewise surveyed that the all out value of organization has additionally expanded concerning year 2015 to 2016. Further, over the salary articulation perception, it very well may be said that the deals of organization has bounced in tempestuous way. With this, net income for the Blackmore has likewise expanded so it shows the palatable execution for the partners to take the positive choices. Benefit and misfortune information demonstrates the great execution of organization in year 2016 as contrast with 2015. It is additionally explored that the annual taxation rate over the organization has expanded as it would taken the credit from the monetary foundations; it can influence the situation of organization antagonistically. Slide 7: Financial Performance Contd. Over the looking of income, it is caught that acceptable measure of money has been produced from the working exercises however a large portion of it would be balanced in the installment of representatives and providers. Then again, the contributing and financing exercises have produced negative income throughout the year 2016. It is decidedly noticed that money and money equilent has likewise been create at lower rate as AUS$2191 and expanded up to the AUS$37653. Generally speaking, it has created $100 million benefit for the budgetary year 2016 and it has faltered the development as 115% corresponding to last monetary year execution. These information are showing the acceptable monetary position forgot about enthusiasm on exercises. Alongside this the, showcase top qualities for the organization has additionally tapped as AUS$1,757,380,000 which is likewise encountered the noteworthy market catch as of now. Based on above execution, it is audited that the investors value has expanded with fast changes. Simultaneously, the rigging proportion has dumped in year 2015 yet the year 2016 has encountering great positive reflection over equipped proportion of Blackmore as the figures are showing. Slide 8: Financial Performance Contd. The above refered to diagram is showing the outfitting proportion of Blackmore as it had descending in year 2015 where, it was over 40 and it got somewhere near 10 which isn't useful for the organization. As the development of proportion from the year 2016 it is upward which signs the expanding development of companys outfitting execution proportion. Slide 9: Measurement of Key Factors Effect of Convention over Accounting: Accounting shows have noteworthy effect over the bookkeeping evaluation as it impacts by its guidelines and guidelines of norms to follow while making budgetary report of execution of business. Resources is impacted by the shows as the organization has indicated the higher resources that it can make difficulties for the partners to establish the genuine resource for organization as Blackmores has demonstrated gigantic contrast between the advantage of 2015 and 2016 which can influence the administration likewise to introduce the proof to the budgetary announcing expert so as to demonstrate the benefit the executives. Simultaneously, the investors and proprietors value ought to be discrete from the business exchanges. In worry to the show, the board should deliver the genuine and solid data for the outside partners to allow choice while putting resources into business in light of the fact that the information determines the genuine picture for the exhibition of business (Needles, et. al, 2013). Simultaneously, proprietors value ought to be dealt with independently from the business to survey the situation of business. Alongside this, the show of consistency ought to be taken into bookkeeping while at the same time setting up the fiscal reports as it basic to follow the standards and system to introduce the bookkeeping data in viable way. Administrative Judgment: Materiality show is straightforwardly connected to the administration judgment that authorizes the bookkeeper the board to think about the norm while evaluating and introducing the data in genuine way. Pertinence of Information: It is imperative to consider the importance of data with the exhibition of business as the demonstrated chart shows about the critical presentation of business, it ought to be identified with the specific data since it may weakens the partners, for example, deals of business has expanded (V. 2011). Unwavering Presentation: Faithful introduction of budgetary execution prompts the dependability of companys nearness in context advertise. Along these lines, observing the bookkeeping principles, it ought not make any blunder and exclusion to assessing the reasonability of organization. Slide 10: Financial Ratio Analysis Benefit proportions: These sorts of proportions show the money related execution of organization regarding the deals of organization and how much benefit is created by firm. Budgetary proportion investigation is as per the following Net Profit Margin =Gross Profit/Revenue (Tracy, 2012) = 143411/599485*100 = 23.92% Net Profit Ratio= Net benefit/Revenue = 100020/599485*100 = 16.67% Productivity proportions: This monetary proportion quantifies the proficiency of organization to deal with the separation proportion that predicts the expense of merchandise sold and normal stock Stock Turnover = Cost of Sales/Average Inventory = 272917/47852 = 5.70% Absolute Asset Turnover = Net Sales Average Total Assets (Brigham and Houston, 2012) = 495468/363715 = 1.36% Liquidity proportions: Liquidity of firm is surveyed over the present proportion and fast proportion assessment. Survey the capacity of the firm to oversee working capital and its capacity to pay its momentary obligations without running. Current proportion = Current resource/Current Liability = 294,624/192,279 = 1.53% Basic analysis proportion = Current resource Inventories/Current Liabilities = 294624-116,486/192279 = 0.93% (Drake and Fabozzi, 2012) Equipping proportions: Assess the drawn out capital structure of the business Obligation proportion = Total obligation/Total resource = 17,793/434,023 = 0.041 Value proportion = Shareholders reserves/Total resource = 1,78,263/434023 = 0.41 or 41% As far as the general amounts of obligation and value capital Financial specialist proportions: This sort of proportion demonstrates the investors about the exhibition of organization to liken the obligation to value and market obligation of organization inside explicit time span. Profit per share (EPS) = Net salary Preferred profits/Share gave exceptional = 100,020 6285/17225 = 5.44 Value Earnings Ratio = Market Price per Share Earnings per Share = 119.57/5.76 =20.72% The above broke down proportion shows the great money related situation of organization over the presentation of Blackmores in year 2016 as contrast with the year 2015. In worried to the even investigation of organization, it is introduced to quantify the monetary presentation of organization with reference the Bellamy's Australia Limited which additionally bargains in the purchaser staples (Businessinsider, 2017). Over the correlation of flat investigation of Blackmore and Bellamy, it tends to be reasoned that the both of organizations are developing with rap

Sample Essay Should We Eat Meat

Sample Essay Should We Eat Meat Sample Essay: Should We Eat Meat? May 31, 2019 in Argumentative Essay Introduction As written out by Michael Allen Fox and Holmes Roston III in their respective articles Why we should be vegetarians and Higher animals: duties to sentient life, an argument is being made for vegetarianism. The two academics bring to the fore their individual arguments making the point that not only is vegetarianism a viable option, but it addresses several social and philosophical arguments. One may wonder, though, whether those arguments are sufficient to make a case for vegetarianism. In fact, most of the world have fed on a predominantly plant-based diet. Vegetarians, however, self-consciously decided to abstain from flesh of any kind. This decision could be based on philosophical, ethical, religious, or scientific beliefs. The term originated in the 1840s and has its roots in the word vegetus, symbolizing the idea of something that is whole. The definition of flesh is quite fluid, because most people, who wish to be referred to as vegetarians, eat chicken and fish; for the purpos e of convenience, which is ironically convenient, this essay will define vegetarians as those, who abstain from all forms of animal flesh.

The Finances Of A Business Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3129 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Financial Management can be defined as the management of the finances of a business or organization in order to achieve financial objectives. Finance involves the management, creation and study  of money, banking, credit, investments, assets and liabilities. Specifically, Finance majors study cash flow, asset and risk management, capital markets, portfolio theory, international finance and forecasting and budgeting. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Finances Of A Business Finance Essay" essay for you Create order The objective of financial management is to maintain and create economic value. Financial management concern with acquisition (buying, invest), financing (how to buy) and management (how to manage). It deals with all kind of financial decisions such as when to introduce a new product, when to invest in new assets, when to replace existing assets, when to borrow from banks, when to issue stocks or bonds, when to extend credit to a customer, and how much cash to maintain. The goal of the firm is to maximize the wealth of shareholder, by which maximization of the price of the existing common stock. Other possible goals include maximize sales, maximize costs, maximize profit and catch up competition survive. Task 1 Company Profile Melaleuca Refugee Centre is a community-controlled, not-for-profit association operating out of Darwin. This association was first established in 1996 as the Torture Trauma Survivors Service of the NT Incorporated to cater for the small numbers of r efugees and refuge seekers wanting to settle in the Northern Territory. In 2002, it expanded and became as Melaleuca Refugee Centre Torture Trauma Survivors Service of the NT Incorporated also known as Melaleuca Refugee Centre. Melaleuca Refugee Centre provides early settlement support services to people of refugee background, counseling services and facilitates significant community development programs in the areas of cultural transition, strengthening families and peace leadership. Introduction of Sources of Finance A finance source helps an organization meet short-term operating needs, such as paying for costs of materials, salaries and other administrative expenses. Financing also helps senior leadership plan for long-term expansion projects, such as mergers and acquisitions. Sources of finance can be classified into two categories which is internal and external sources. Internal sources are raised from within the organization, and external sources are raised from an outs ide source. There are 5 internal sources of finance which is owners investment, retained profit, sale of stock, sale of fixed asset and debt collection. Where, the external sources of finance include bank loan, additional partners, share issued, mortgage, leasing, hire purchase and government grant. Sources of Finance of Melaleuca Refugee Centre Melaleuca Refugee Centre is a not-for-profit organization, so their sources of finance are government grant. Government grant can be defined as payment by the Government towards the cost of local-authority services. These are either for particular purposes or services (specific grants) or to fund local services generally (revenue support grant). The advantage of government grants is the organizations do not need to repay it. The disadvantage is certain conditions may apply and not all businesses may be eligible for a grant. The sources of finance of Melaleuca Refugee Centre include: Australian Government Department of Immigration and Citizenship Department of Health and Ageing Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs Northern Government Department of Children and Families Department of the Chief Minister, Office of Multicultural Affairs Department of Justice Department of Natural Resource, Environment, the Arts and Sport Foundation Honda Foundation Honda Foundation sponsors vehicle for use by Melaleuca. The foundation pays for the vehicle and servicing. This support demonstrates the Honda Foundations good corporate citizenship and community support and is very much appreciated by all at Melaleuca. Deckchair Cinema Task 2 Impact of Finance on Financial Statement Vision and Mission A vision statement looks into the future at least five years and defines a desired future state of the company where, a mission statement defines what a company currently does, and how it plans to achieve its vision. The vision statement of Melaleuca Ref ugee Centre is Melaleuca Refugee Centre is recognized as a leader in facilitating the recovery of refugee survivors of Torture and Trauma. Their mission statement is Melaleuca Refugee Centre provides an environment for resettlement and healing of refugee survivors of torture and trauma, their families and community through confidential, high-quality and holistic services. Aim Melaleuca Refugee Centre aims to achieve its mission by  providing ethical, client focused services and referrals to refugee survivors, their families and communities in a climate of empowerment and self determination. Its promoting community awareness regarding issues for refugee survivors and involvement in activities conducted by the Centre by individuals, families, organizations and the wider community. Its aims to creating and maintaining a sustainable and respectful organization that values all stakeholders including employees, volunteers and the Management Committee. Melaleuca Refugee Centre provided culturally sensitive opportunities for client involvement in service development and strategic involvement in local, Territory and National networks. Responsibility of Committee of Management Melaleuca Refugee Centre has a Committee of Management (COM), which the members are responsible for the preparation of the financial report. The Committee of Managements responsibility include such internal control as the Committee determines is necessary to enable the preparation of financial report that is free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. Currently, the Finance Manager of Melaleuca Refugee Centre is Peter Trayte and the Finance Assistant is Emma Cameron. Task 3 Profitability Ratio  Year 2011 Year 2012 Net Surplus Margin  Net Surplus  Net Surplus  Sales  Sales   = 755,436  = 937,325   4,375,160  5,090,820   = 0.17:01  = 0.18:01     Return on Total Assets  Surplus available to common shareholders  Surplus available to common shareholders      Total Assets  Total Assets   = 755,436  = 937,325   1,542,283  2,572,861   = 0.49:01  = 0.36:01     Return on Equity  Surplus available to common shareholders  Surplus available to common shareholders      Equity  Equity   = 755,436  = 937,325   949,757  1,887,070   = 0.8:01  = 0.5:01     Gross Surplus Margin  Gross Surplus  Gross Surplus   Sales  Sales   = 0  = 0   4,375,160  5,090,820   = 0:01  = 0:01     Table 1 (Value extract from Appendix a b) Liquidity Ratio   Year 2011   Year 2012  Current Ratio  Current Asset  Current Asset   Current Liabilities  Current Liabilities   = 1,516,902  = 2,568,059   592,538  1,887,070   = 2.56:01  = 1.36:01     Quick Ratio  Current Asset-Inventories-Prepayment  Current Asset-Inventories-Prepayment      Current Liabilities  Current Liabilities   = 1,516,902  = 2,568,059   592,538  1,887,070   = 2.56:01  = 1.36:01     Table 2 (Value extract from Appendix a b) Table 1 show the profitability ratio of Melaleuca Refugee Centre. Profitability ratio measure a companys ability to generate earnings relative to sales, assets and equity. These ratios assess the ability of a company to generate earnings, profits and cash flows relative to relative to some metric, often the amount of money invested (ReadyRatio.com, 2013). The Net Surplus Margin for year 2011 and 2012 is 0.17:01 and 0.18:01. Value of 0.17 and 0.18 represent the net surplus and value 1 represent the sales of Melaleuca Refugee Centre. This means that their net profit of year 2012 is higher than year 2011. The increases of donation and supporter might be one of the reasons for the differences of income for year 2011 and 2012. Return on total asset also known as return on asset (ROA) and is an indicator of how profitable a company is relative to its total assets.  Surplus on total assets gives an idea  as to how efficientÃ⠀šÃ‚  management is  at using its assets to generate earnings (INVESTOPEDIA, 2013). The ratio for return on total assets for year 2011 and 2012 is 0.49:01 and 0.36:01. Value of 0.49 and 0.36 represents the surplus available to common shareholders of Melaleuca Refugee Centre and value 1 representing the total assets. This means that the ratio for return on total assets has been decrease 0.13 from year 2011 to 2012. Return on Equity  measures a corporations profitability  by revealing how much  profit a company generates  with the money shareholders have invested. The ratio of surplus on equity for these 2 years is 0.8:01 and 0.5:01. Value 1 was representing the equity and value 0.8 and 0.5 representing surplus of Melaleuca Refugee Centre. The profit that Melaleuca Refugee Centre generates with the money shareholders have invested has been decrease 0.3 from year 2011 to year 2012. Gross Surplus Margin for year 2011 and 2012 is same, both is 0:0 1. The sales are 1 and the gross surplus is 0 for the both year 2011 and 2012. This means that there is no gross surplus for this organization. So, we can say that there is no gross surplus margin for this organization. Table 2 on above has shown the liquidity ratio of Melaleuca Refugee Centre for year 2011 and 2012. Liquidity ratio is a class of financial metrics  that  is used  to determine a companys ability to pay off its  short-terms debts obligations. Current ratio is the ratio of current assets of a business to its current liabilities. It is the most important and widely used test of liquidity of a business. The current ratio of Melaleuca Refugee Centre for year 2011 is 2.56:01, where for year 2012 is 1.36:01. The value of 2.56 and 1.36 represent current assets and 01 represent current liabilities. This mean that Melaleuca Refugee Centre have higher liquidity of money in year 2011 compare to year 2012 to cover their debts in next 12 month. Qu ick ratio also known as acid test ratio and it measures the ability of a company to pay its debts by using its cash and near cash current assets. Quick ratio is the ratio of Current Asset minus inventories minus prepayment to the current liabilities to the business. The quick ratio for year 2011 is 2.56:01; for year 2012 is 1.36:01. The ratio of quick ratio for year 2011 and 2012 is same to the current ratio for year 2011 and 2012. This is because there are no available of inventories and prepayment in year 2011 and 2012. In conclusion, Melaleuca Refugee Centre is able to cover their debt in the next 12 month, although their surplus is not high. Task 4 Introduction to Business Environment of Melaleuca Refugee Centre Melaleuca Refugee Centre has successfully reached and implements a new Enterprise Agreement with staff and their union, which the overwhelming majority of staff supported. This was approved by Fair Work Australia in February 2012. Committee of Management (COM) m embers also participated in governance training workshop in February 2012 to expand their knowledge on legal obligations of committee member and good governance practices. The COM is currently working in collaboration with key stakeholders and staff on the next strategic plan for the organization to set the direction for the short to medium term. Melaleuca Refugee Centre was recognized for its volunteer program by Volunteering SA-NT and was awarded the 2012 for Organizational Excellency Large Organization. Event held by Melaleuca Refugee Centre In year 2012, Melaleuca Refugee Centre was held 5 events. The past event includes Darwin World Refugee Day Festival Restoring Hope on 16 June 2012, Deckchair Film Fundraiser for Melaleuca on 26 July 2012, Working for Peace One Day on 20 September 2012, Annual General Meeting on 27 September 2012 and International Human Rights Day 10 December 2012. The 2012 Annual General Meeting (AGM) of Melaleuca Refugee Centre was held on Thursday 27 September 2012 at Melaleuca Refugee Centre. The Committee of Management members for 2012/2013  were elected. In year 2013, OzFusion Multicultural Australia Day  has been held. OzFusion 2013 multicultural Australia Day was a resounding success with around 600 attending. This was the first time Melaleuca was involved in this high profile event. Their clients were engaged in all aspects of the day and it was a great opportunity to meet other multicultural groups. Referral and Services Melaleuca Refugee Centre provides early settlement support services to people who have refugee background. They offer a uniquely integrated approach by hosting a range of services and programs under the same roof. These services include counseling and advocacy, early settlement support and community development. Counseling and Advocacy The counseling team at Melaleuca Refugee Centre provided support, counseling and advocacy services to refugee backgrounds individua ls and their families. People who experienced torture and trauma before coming to Australia might continue to suffer from effects of the extended exposure to human rights abuses, violence, war and physical hardship. Melaleuca recognizes the pre-migration experiences and the process of resettlement are important to psychosocial well being. Melaleuca offers initial counseling upon arrival and long term counseling for those individuals or families in need. The counseling and Advocacy Services provided include: Intensive Family Support Services (IFS) Torture and Trauma Counseling (Detention) (TT) Program of Assistance to Survivors of Torture and Trauma (PASTT client referral) Melaleuca Refugee Centre is one of the members of  The Forum of Australian Services for Survivors of Torture and Trauma (FASSTT).  When their clients are ready for counseling or other interventions, they can refer to Melaleuca at any time, whether they are new arrived or have been in Australia for many years. The interventions may be in short, medium or long-term which is depending on the clients needs and process of recovery. Newly Arrived Youth Support Services and Youth Program (YOUTH) Melaleucas youth program provides a multi-function program, offering a holistic, timely and culturally appropriate service to young peoples refugee and migration background from 12 to 21 years old. The youth program under RECONNECT supports young people who are at risk of homelessness and enhances refugee youth engagement with family, training, education and community. The youth team collaborates with other agencies to facilitate new networks for young people and provide them with important social connections and extra support. Early Settlement Support Melaleuca provides settlement services under the  Humanitarian Settlement Services (HSS)  program for people granted permanent Australian residency as Humanitarian entrants and for people on Bridging Visas assessed for settlement services. Melaleuca assists people arriving in Darwin on the  offshore  and  onshore humanitarian programs  to ensure their initial settlement support needs ar e met. Melaleuca combines components of voluntary and professional services to approximately  557 new arrivals each year, offering a uniquely integrated approach addressing settlement needs by hosting a range of services and programs under the same roof. Community Development Melaleuca Refugee Centre delivers a range of community development programs underpinned by the key principles and values of Community Development which is education, democracy, advocacy, participation, and strategies of community empowerment and strengthening that build up social and community capacity. Community Development accepts the impact of torture and state-sanctioned violence may result in disbelieve and conflict and then aims to build social cohesion and strength. It links the community with others in collaborative partnerships and empowers individuals and communities who are particularly disadvantaged within the resettlement country. The Community Development Programs include: Families in Cultural Transition (FICT) Families in Cultural Transition (FICT) Program is a series of workshops for those who have met their initial basic needs and now face the challenge of settling into a vastly different culture. Participants find out about Australian culture and systems, identify their own cultural strengths, explore the effect of trauma and change and learn where to get help. It builds on existing strengths and skills, gives concrete information and helps people make friends and connect with community groups. Tips Ideas on Parenting Skills (TIPS) Melaleuca Refugee Centre has offered TIPS which is a parenting program to refugee families that have been living in Darwin for over 12 months and usually have completed the Families in Cultural Transition (FICT) Program offered to newly arrived refugee families. The TIPS Program at Melaleuca Refugee Centre is funded by the Northern Territory Department of Children Families. Alternatives to Violence (AVP) Community Liaison, Training and Education Refugee Support Network (RSN). Forum of Australian Services for Survivors of Torture and Trauma (FASSTT) The Forum of Australian Services for Survivors of Torture and Trauma (FASSTT) is a network of Australias eight specialist rehabilitation agencies that work with survivors of torture and trauma who have come to Australia from overseas. The eight specialist rehabilitation agencies in the FASSTT network offer direct services which include psychological assessments, individual psycho-therapeutic interventions, youth activities, group and family therapy, natural therapies and community development to survivors of torture and trauma, their families and communities. FASSTT members also provide innovative and effective services to ensure the Australian community can play a significant role in diminishing the impact of torture on survivors and enhancing their opportunities to rebuild productive and meaningful lives. Management and Staff Melaleuca Refugee Centre has a community-based Committee of Management (C OM), which appoints the Director to manage the day-to-day operations of the organization. The Committee of Management and staff of Melaleuca have a legal and moral responsibility to manage the organization in the best interests of the community it serves. Committee of Management and staff demonstrate professional ethical behavior at all times in their responsibilities to the organization in their professional relationships with each other. Committee of Management is responsible o monitor the performance and management of the organization. Committee of Management is elected from and by Associate Members of the organization and is responsible for setting strategic directions. CONCLUSION As a conclusion, finance plays a very important role in the day-to-day lives of each individual or corporation. Finance is important to an organization as the firm has to know how viable it is and balance profit with costs. Finance includes planning of financial resources, making of optimum capit al structure and effective utilization of financial resources by  deep analysis of  cost of capital  and  capital budgeting  tool. If company obtains large amount through his network resource, but company has not made good financial planning regarding its effective utilization, then the company can reach at the stage of bankruptcy. This is because, if a company has not good plan for investment, it will unable to provide good return to its creditor and shareholder. Finance is important to an individual. Personal finance budgeting is an important part of long-term plans to gain financial stability, especially after retirement. Individual need to have a clear idea of what they want in future, such as the amount of money needed after retirement and the location of a place to live in. BIBLIOGRAPHY Google, (2013), Governmen Grants Definition: Retrieved on March 1, 2013, from https://www.financeglossary.net/definition/1722-Government_Grants Re adyrations.com, (2013), profitability ratio definition: Retrieved on March 1, 2013, from https://www.readyratios.com/reference/profitability/ Investopedia, (2013), return on asset definition: Retrieved on March 1, 2013, from https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/returnonassets.asp#axzz2MMW4cRZu Melaleuca Refugee Centre, (2013), referral services: Retrieved on March1, 2013, https://www.melaleuca.org.au/Services.html Melaleuca Refugee Centre, (2013), counseling advocacy: Retrieved on March1, 2013, https://www.melaleuca.org.au/Counselling.html Melaleuca Refugee Centre, (2013), early settlement support: Retrieved on March1, 2013, https://www.melaleuca.org.au/Settlement.html Melaleuca Refugee Centre, (2013), community development: Retrieved on March1, 2013, https://www.melaleuca.org.au/CommunityDevelopment.html Melaleuca Refugee Centre, (2013), PASTT client referral: Retrieved on March1, 2013, https://www.melaleuca.org.au/Referral.html Melaleuca Refugee Centre, (201 3), youth support services: Retrieved on March1, 2013, https://www.melaleuca.org.au/Youth.html Melaleuca Refugee Centre, (2013), families in cultural transition (FICT): Retrieved on March1, 2013, https://www.melaleuca.org.au/FICT.html Melaleuca Refugee Centre, (2013), tips ideas on parenting skills program (TIPS): Retrieved on March1, 2013, https://www.melaleuca.org.au/TIPS.html Melaleuca Refugee Centre, (2013), forum of Australian services for survivors of torture and trauma (FASSTT): Retrieved on March1, 2013, https://www.melaleuca.org.au/FASSTT.html Melaleuca Refugee Centre, (2013), tips management staff: Retrieved on March1, 2013, https://www.melaleuca.org.au/ManagementStaff.html Melaleuca Refugee Centre, (2013), past event: Retrieved on March1, 2013, https://www.melaleuca.org.au/PastEvents.html Melaleuca Refugee Centre, (2013), company profile of Melaleuca Refugee Centre: Retrieved on March1, 2013, https://www.melaleuca.org.au/WhoWeAre.html Melaleuca Refu gee Centre, (2013), funding bodies: Retrieved on March1, 2013, https://www.melaleuca.org.au/PatronSupporters.html Melaleuca Refugee Centre, (2013), annual report: Retrieved on March1, 2013, https://www.melaleuca.org.au/documents/annual_reports/Annual_Report_1112.pdf

Health Behaviors Are The Beliefs And Actions Regarding

Health behaviors are the beliefs and actions regarding your personal well being. These behaviors often stem from adolescence. Observing your mother’s sedentary behavior or watching your father eat a family-size bag of chips in one sitting easily becomes second nature as you grow older. Luckily, it is easy to examine and alter negative behaviors with today’s technology. There are many documentaries, books, and quizzes (among many other means) offering a way to drop a negative habit and pick up a healthy one. After taking the â€Å"Evaluate Your Lifestyle† quiz, my results stated I possess good health habits. My scores ranged from nine to ten points in each category. Being a health conscious person, this made me happy with my†¦show more content†¦In my early late teens to early twenties I started to limit my intake of soda after learning about the damage it would potentially cause inside my body. I first realize I needed to drink more water after a visit t o my local salon to get my eyebrows waxed. While I thought nothing of it, the esthetician questioned my water intake. After stating I drank very little, she said she knew by my skin. As a woman, this thought blew up in my head. If she could notice my limited water intake by looking at my skin – I wondered what my insides looked like. Naturally, I raced home to chug enough water to fill a bathtub. After a few days, this practice ceased and I continued to not drink nearly enough water for my body. Water may not provide energy, but it is essential to our survival. The benefits include: the balance of bodily fluids, flushes out toxins in body, clearer skin, and overall hydration. Hydration improves performance (Liquid Energy 2005). The recommended water intake for a female my age and size is seventy-two fluid ounces (Water 2014). Low water intake can induce levels of the hormone vasopressin go up with dehydration, and may cause blood sugar to rise (Environmental Nutrition 2012). Symptoms of stress, which can be overcome with a balanced diet and by drinking enough water in a day (Combat Stress 2013). Some of my current health issues related to water intake include acne, allergies, and my mentality. For one week, I chose toShow MoreRelatedLow Income Black And Hispanic Adolescent Females Essay1532 Words   |  7 Pagesspecifically focusing on teens who live in the south? Well, Geography matters! According to the national center for health statistics teen pregnancy is highest in the southern states vs. the Northeastern or Midwestern states. While the average teen birth rate was 24.2% nationwide it was between 30-39% in the southern United States. Currently, only 18 states and D.C. require that education regarding contraception is included in a sex education curriculum. Many southern states such as Florida, Georgia, andRead MoreThe Health Of Free Tuberculosis Screenings1694 Words   |  7 PagesThe health belief model was developed in the 1950’s and is considered one of the most recognized health behavior theories in the field (NIH, 2005). The model was initially created by social psychologists Hochbaum, Rosenstock, and Kegels for the U.S. Public Health Service to determine why free tuberculosis screenings were not successful. The model’s usage has grown to incorporate the long and short term behaviors in individuals with HIV/AIDS, diabetes, and osteoporosis. The health belief model’sRead MoreThe Health Belief Model Is Used For Healt h Promotion And Health Education738 Words   |  3 PagesThe Health Belief Model is commonly used for health promotion and health education. Its’ underlying concept is that health behavior is explained by perception of the disease and the strategies available to lower its occurrence. 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The program hinges on the need to carry out educational awareness among the Latino community, and communication will help to design appropriate individualized compliance-enhancingRead MoreHPV Vaccines1438 Words   |  6 PagesUtilizing the Health Belief Model, research has found many different factors that influence beliefs and compliance behavior with the HPV vaccine and some interventions that might increase compliance. In a study done by Kelly Rhea MacArthur evaluating the role of trust in HPV vaccine decision making among college students, it was found that perceived severity and perceived efficacy are two barriers that can be addressed by forming a trusting relationship with a health care provider (MacArthur, 2017)Read MoreThe Health Belief Model ( Hbm ) Essay1486 Words   |  6 Pagesaddressed with the Health Belief Model (HBM), which encourages preventive health actions in order to prevent unwanted adverse conditions, with the idea that action depends on the value and expectanc y of the behavior. The HBM attempts to explain and predict behaviors by focusing on attitudes and beliefs of individuals that are represented by six distinct constructs. These constructs include, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacyRead MoreApplication Of The Health Belief Model. The Chosen Case1316 Words   |  6 PagesApplication of the Health Belief Model The Chosen Case Study and Applicable Theorist In the following paper, Marshall H. Becker’s theory of the â€Å"Health Belief Model† is going to be applied to a case study involving a burn patient. In the case study, the burn patient is a 2-year-old Native American girl that has a large second degree burn on her right foot. After being cared for in the Emergency Department, the mother was provided discharge instructions on how to care for wound. She was also notifiedRead MoreSubstance Abuse Disorder ( Samhsa )1597 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to the SAMHSA (2010) report on the national survey on drug use and health almost 22.5 million people are reported to be associated with substance abuse disorder (SAMHSA, 2010). This illness was found to be very common in all age groups, both sex, and seniors. There are several effects on these individuals and their families. Many people who suffer from substance abuse disorders fail to acknowledge these serious consequences. First of all, no response of pain relief can be se en with smallerRead MoreThe Health Belief Model ( Hbm )968 Words   |  4 PagesThere are six Constructs of the Health Belief Model (HBM), a psychological modal that assists on the prediction of health behaviors such as â€Å"why people will take action to prevent, to screen for, or to control illness conditions† (Glanz, Rimer, Viswanath, 2008). The first construct of the HBA is Perceived Susceptibility, which is the idea or belief that a person thinks that they can’t get a certain illness or have a problem, they often will not take account to prevent it. Second, Perceived SeverityRead MoreAfter reviewing the results and noting only one sufficient correlation, the discussion regarding1200 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscussion regarding intent and future behavior then arises. There are so many negative repercussions that alcohol is associated with so one cannot doubt the need for further research regarding this topic. Researchers have been further examining alcohol usage by utilizing the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The theory of planned behavior further examines behavioral cues and examines one’s perceived behavioral control, intentions, attitudes and subjective norms to try and predict future behavior. (Johnston

Recommendation Report Free Essays

MEMORANDUM DATE: 26 September 2011 TO: Muhammad Ali, CEO of Paintball Unlimited Pte Ltd FROM: Phoebe Soh, Supervisor for construction of new premise PROGRESS ON CONSTRUCTION OF INDOOR PAINTBALL ARENA AT LOT 25, JUSCO IPOH As requested, we are sending you the second monthly progress report on the developments of the construction of Paintball Unlimited 2. After overcoming some initial problems, we are making good progress on the construction of our new premise in Lot 25, Jusco Ipoh. Past Progress During the past two months, we firstly finalized the estimated budget of our new project, the construction of Paintball Unlimited 2 at Lot 25, Jusco Ipoh. We will write a custom essay sample on Recommendation Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now The estimated budget is at RM2. 0 – RM2. 5 million. We managed to secure the zoning approval to open up the premise. On confirming the location of the new premise, Lot 25 in Jusco Ipoh, which covers an area of 30,000 sq ft, we secured a two-year contract for the lease of the premise which will cost us RM240, 000 and will be paid in monthly installments of RM10, 000. Next, we hired Flooring Pte Ltd to construct the flooring required for the different sections of our premise. Painters Pte Ltd was then hired to repaint the premise as the old paint coat was peeling. The lighting for our indoor arena was contracted to Lighting Pte Ltd. However there was a three-week delay in the installation of the wall lighting which led to a delay in the painting of certain sections of the walls. We also ordered 5 thousand T-shirts, caps and key chains each, designed by Nickly Pte Ltd. as a paintball keepsake. Current Progress We have started on the construction of the 4 sections of our arena which will be called ‘Desert Storm’, ‘Boggy Swamp’, ‘Jungle Safari’ and ‘Night Ops’. These names reflect the environment that customers will be playing in. It will be done up in such a way that it will simulate the actual conditions of the places mentioned. Desert Storm Progress on this section has been halted due to some unexpected delays. The design for this section includes obstacles such as statues of camels and 3 tons of sand for sand dunes, all of which we received before the due date. We are also constructing a mini swimming pool that will be done up to resemble an oasis. However, the delay was in the procuring of the artificial cacti. This is because the company we ordered the products from is currently facing a law suit to which the outcome is uncertain to us. Besides that, the blower we ordered from General Electric to create sandstorms is currently out of stock and the company was unable to confirm a delivery date. Therefore, further completion of this section is currently being put on hold and progress on the other 3 sections of the arena has begun. Boggy Swamp Progress on this section of the arena is going smoothly. The fittings and the equipment such as the artificial mud, plastic mangrove trees and animals, plus other similar objects have arrived and are currently being installed. We are also in talks with the manufacturer of those products to see if we can obtain its latest product which is a type of clay which releases an odour similar to that of a swamp to enhance the experience for future customers. However, we are not able to estimate the cost of the product and therefore do not know whether it will be within our budget. Jungle Safari Progress on this section of the arena has faced some difficulties. Some of the products that we have purchased for this section have been found to be defective. For example, the plastic trees that we have ordered been found to have large cracks in the structures and look very flimsy. Therefore, we have doubts on whether it will be able to withstand the impact of the shots from the paintball guns. We have brought up this issue to the manufacturer but have been unsuccessful in obtaining a response from them. Besides that, some of the construction workers have been absent for a few days, slowing down the completion of this section. The contractor has projected a delay of up to two weeks due to this problem. However, he has been unable to provide a reason as to why his workers have not been turning up for work. Night Ops Progress on this section of the arena has encountered no problems thus far. The construction of the pillars and structures has been going according to plan and this section should be completed on time. However, there is a suggestion from the interior decorator to apply fluorescent paint on the obstacles and portions of the wall to make it more attractive and increase its appeal to potential customers. We feel it is a good suggestion and have contacted our appraiser to check if it is within our budget. Overall progress has been relatively smooth. The installation of air conditioners for the whole premise is going according to plan and is expected to be completed on time. The audio visual system that we are currently installing is also on schedule. However, there have been some unexpected increases in the prices of some of the equipment for the audio system, causing an increase in our overall cost and this will affect our estimated budget. Advertising of Our Project We are currently aggressively advertising the opening of the new paintball arena. Among the methods we are using are advertising through The Star newspaper. Our advertisement will start on December 3rd 2011 and will run daily for 6 weeks. We have contacted advertising experts from Advert Pte Ltd to design the advertisement for us and the design they showed us was more than satisfactory, thus we have chosen to use their sample. Besides that, we have assigned one of our employees to open up an official Facebook page for our project. It is currently being worked on and we have yet to see the final result. We have also contacted Dewan Bandaraya Ipoh to put up billboards for us at the Stadium roundabout and the Hospital roundabout for 6 months starting from December 1st 2011 to June 1st 2012. Besides that, we also contacted Voxel to put up an advertisement for us on their digital billboards to run concurrently with our others billboard advertisements. We feel that these locations are very strategic as a lot of people pass these areas. The design for the billboard is also under the same team that is designing our newspaper advertisement. However, they have yet to submit a design for us to review. Besides that, Jusco has agreed to include an announcement on the opening of our new arena in its monthly catalogue. Future Progress In the future, we plan to hire several employees to manage our completed arena. We have decided on †¢ Supervisor (1 person) †¢ Counter staff (2 persons) †¢ Instructors ( 4 persons) †¢ Referees ( 4 persons) †¢ First Aiders ( 2 persons) †¢ Cleaners (5 persons) As for the instructors and referees, we plan to send them for training should their knowledge on the subject of paintball be insufficient. We also plan to purchase the equipment needed for our arena. (Refer to appendix). The actual number of units will be decided on at a future date. Besides that, we are going to follow up on all the problems that have occurred in the construction of the site and make sure they are rectified. Once we are near completion, we will be able to provide an official launching date and send the company an estimate of our 1st year’s profit. We will also design a vision and mission statement for our arena based on the values of our company. Additional Information (breakdown of estimated budget) Expenses |Amount(RM) | |Furniture |250,000 | |Construction and Renovation |1,100, 000 | |Decoration |10,000 | |Weapons and Uniforms |60,000 | |Equipment |10,000 | |Business License, Permit and Insurance |100,000 | |Advertising and Promotion |170,000 | |Setup, Installation and Consulting fees |300,000 | |Total |2,000,000 | REFERENCE Paintball field owner. (2003). Retrieved October 29, 2011, fromhttp ://www. stylecareer. com/paintballfield_owner. shtml Paintball guns net. (2009). Retrieved October 30, 2011, fromhttp://www. paintballguns. net/Paintball_Gun_Barrels/Paintball_Gun_Barrels/ How to cite Recommendation Report, Papers

Recommendation Report Free Essays

MEMORANDUM DATE: 26 September 2011 TO: Muhammad Ali, CEO of Paintball Unlimited Pte Ltd FROM: Phoebe Soh, Supervisor for construction of new premise PROGRESS ON CONSTRUCTION OF INDOOR PAINTBALL ARENA AT LOT 25, JUSCO IPOH As requested, we are sending you the second monthly progress report on the developments of the construction of Paintball Unlimited 2. After overcoming some initial problems, we are making good progress on the construction of our new premise in Lot 25, Jusco Ipoh. Past Progress During the past two months, we firstly finalized the estimated budget of our new project, the construction of Paintball Unlimited 2 at Lot 25, Jusco Ipoh. We will write a custom essay sample on Recommendation Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now The estimated budget is at RM2. 0 – RM2. 5 million. We managed to secure the zoning approval to open up the premise. On confirming the location of the new premise, Lot 25 in Jusco Ipoh, which covers an area of 30,000 sq ft, we secured a two-year contract for the lease of the premise which will cost us RM240, 000 and will be paid in monthly installments of RM10, 000. Next, we hired Flooring Pte Ltd to construct the flooring required for the different sections of our premise. Painters Pte Ltd was then hired to repaint the premise as the old paint coat was peeling. The lighting for our indoor arena was contracted to Lighting Pte Ltd. However there was a three-week delay in the installation of the wall lighting which led to a delay in the painting of certain sections of the walls. We also ordered 5 thousand T-shirts, caps and key chains each, designed by Nickly Pte Ltd. as a paintball keepsake. Current Progress We have started on the construction of the 4 sections of our arena which will be called ‘Desert Storm’, ‘Boggy Swamp’, ‘Jungle Safari’ and ‘Night Ops’. These names reflect the environment that customers will be playing in. It will be done up in such a way that it will simulate the actual conditions of the places mentioned. Desert Storm Progress on this section has been halted due to some unexpected delays. The design for this section includes obstacles such as statues of camels and 3 tons of sand for sand dunes, all of which we received before the due date. We are also constructing a mini swimming pool that will be done up to resemble an oasis. However, the delay was in the procuring of the artificial cacti. This is because the company we ordered the products from is currently facing a law suit to which the outcome is uncertain to us. Besides that, the blower we ordered from General Electric to create sandstorms is currently out of stock and the company was unable to confirm a delivery date. Therefore, further completion of this section is currently being put on hold and progress on the other 3 sections of the arena has begun. Boggy Swamp Progress on this section of the arena is going smoothly. The fittings and the equipment such as the artificial mud, plastic mangrove trees and animals, plus other similar objects have arrived and are currently being installed. We are also in talks with the manufacturer of those products to see if we can obtain its latest product which is a type of clay which releases an odour similar to that of a swamp to enhance the experience for future customers. However, we are not able to estimate the cost of the product and therefore do not know whether it will be within our budget. Jungle Safari Progress on this section of the arena has faced some difficulties. Some of the products that we have purchased for this section have been found to be defective. For example, the plastic trees that we have ordered been found to have large cracks in the structures and look very flimsy. Therefore, we have doubts on whether it will be able to withstand the impact of the shots from the paintball guns. We have brought up this issue to the manufacturer but have been unsuccessful in obtaining a response from them. Besides that, some of the construction workers have been absent for a few days, slowing down the completion of this section. The contractor has projected a delay of up to two weeks due to this problem. However, he has been unable to provide a reason as to why his workers have not been turning up for work. Night Ops Progress on this section of the arena has encountered no problems thus far. The construction of the pillars and structures has been going according to plan and this section should be completed on time. However, there is a suggestion from the interior decorator to apply fluorescent paint on the obstacles and portions of the wall to make it more attractive and increase its appeal to potential customers. We feel it is a good suggestion and have contacted our appraiser to check if it is within our budget. Overall progress has been relatively smooth. The installation of air conditioners for the whole premise is going according to plan and is expected to be completed on time. The audio visual system that we are currently installing is also on schedule. However, there have been some unexpected increases in the prices of some of the equipment for the audio system, causing an increase in our overall cost and this will affect our estimated budget. Advertising of Our Project We are currently aggressively advertising the opening of the new paintball arena. Among the methods we are using are advertising through The Star newspaper. Our advertisement will start on December 3rd 2011 and will run daily for 6 weeks. We have contacted advertising experts from Advert Pte Ltd to design the advertisement for us and the design they showed us was more than satisfactory, thus we have chosen to use their sample. Besides that, we have assigned one of our employees to open up an official Facebook page for our project. It is currently being worked on and we have yet to see the final result. We have also contacted Dewan Bandaraya Ipoh to put up billboards for us at the Stadium roundabout and the Hospital roundabout for 6 months starting from December 1st 2011 to June 1st 2012. Besides that, we also contacted Voxel to put up an advertisement for us on their digital billboards to run concurrently with our others billboard advertisements. We feel that these locations are very strategic as a lot of people pass these areas. The design for the billboard is also under the same team that is designing our newspaper advertisement. However, they have yet to submit a design for us to review. Besides that, Jusco has agreed to include an announcement on the opening of our new arena in its monthly catalogue. Future Progress In the future, we plan to hire several employees to manage our completed arena. We have decided on †¢ Supervisor (1 person) †¢ Counter staff (2 persons) †¢ Instructors ( 4 persons) †¢ Referees ( 4 persons) †¢ First Aiders ( 2 persons) †¢ Cleaners (5 persons) As for the instructors and referees, we plan to send them for training should their knowledge on the subject of paintball be insufficient. We also plan to purchase the equipment needed for our arena. (Refer to appendix). The actual number of units will be decided on at a future date. Besides that, we are going to follow up on all the problems that have occurred in the construction of the site and make sure they are rectified. Once we are near completion, we will be able to provide an official launching date and send the company an estimate of our 1st year’s profit. We will also design a vision and mission statement for our arena based on the values of our company. Additional Information (breakdown of estimated budget) Expenses |Amount(RM) | |Furniture |250,000 | |Construction and Renovation |1,100, 000 | |Decoration |10,000 | |Weapons and Uniforms |60,000 | |Equipment |10,000 | |Business License, Permit and Insurance |100,000 | |Advertising and Promotion |170,000 | |Setup, Installation and Consulting fees |300,000 | |Total |2,000,000 | REFERENCE Paintball field owner. (2003). Retrieved October 29, 2011, fromhttp ://www. stylecareer. com/paintballfield_owner. shtml Paintball guns net. (2009). Retrieved October 30, 2011, fromhttp://www. paintballguns. net/Paintball_Gun_Barrels/Paintball_Gun_Barrels/ How to cite Recommendation Report, Papers

Occupational Safety and Health an Example of the Topic Health Essays by

Occupational Safety and Health Occupational safety and health of individuals is a very critical consideration at international levels a major consideration being Australia. A number of international agencies play a very important role in shaping occupational safety and health. In this paper, World Health Organization (WHO) and International Labor Organization (ILO) are the two main considerations. World Health Organization (WHO) whose headquarters are in Geneva plays the role of coordinating international public health especially in Australia. Need essay sample on "Occupational Safety and Health" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Our Customers Often Tell Us: I'm not in the mood to write my essay. Because I want to spend time with my family Essay writer professionals propose: Essay Helper Online Essay Writing Services Pay Someone To Write a Paper Custom Essay Writing Company Australian people have benefited from this international agency in the aspect of fighting dangerous diseases like smallpox, malaria, polio, and schistosomiasis among others (Corcorain, Shackman, 2007). WHO provides vaccines which help to eradicate these deadly diseases and this has made the Australian people live a productive life. A health nation is a productive nation and this provision has led to increased level of child mortality. International Labor Organization (OLA) is another international agency that aims at protecting the rights of workers at work place. It is a concept of occupational safety that creates conducive environment for workers. ILO whose headquarters are in Geneva serves the purpose of strengthening workers rights, providing training opportunities, improving both living and working conditions and creating employment opportunities. The Australian employees in different organisations have massively benefited from the services of ILO. This is clearly evident as there are few cases of violence at work place reported yearly (Corcorain, Shackman, 2007). The achievement of these benefits is made possible through application of programs such as human rights, occupational safety, labor standards and health hazard alert system. The international agencies also play a very important role in shaping OSH in the aspect of outdoor marketing. WHO for instance, has provided medical services to the capital city of south to prolong their life span. In its part ILO has been instrumental in protection of workers rights and enforcement of measures for purpose of occupational safety. Reference Corcoran, D. & Shackman, J. (2007). A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of the Strategic Value of beyond Compliance Occupational Health and Safety Programs. Journal of Business Strategies, Vol.24, pp.60-75

Pip Pirrup and Great Expectations essays

Pip Pirrup and Great Expectations essays Great Expectations is a novel of growth, understanding and life. Throughout the novel we see Pip Pirrup develop from a lonely young boy, to an ambitious boy, to an idle teen and finally a mature adult. Pip goes through a variety of events that help him develop the qualities that lead to him acquiring those of a mature, responsible and kind adult but more important than the events throughout his life are the people that convey these traits and cultivate them within Pip. From Joes unconditional love, to Wemmicks out of office kindness and general optimism and Herberts ambition for practical means, even Miss Havishams need for forgiveness and Estellas rejection provide Pip with the experiences he needs to become the adult he is. Pip was orphaned at an extremely young age, which would be traumatic for anyone but Pip is sent to live with his mean aunt Ms. Joe. Pip who is in need of love, guidance and friendship finds none within Ms. Joe, but luckily her husband Joe becomes a father figure for Pip and tries to instill values within him. Pip loves Joe back as he explains, But I loved Joeperhaps for no better reason than because the dear fellow let me love him (40 Dickens). Joe cares deeply for Pip and tries to do everything in his power to provide for him. Joe swells with pride as a father would when watching Pip read and write and tries to learn because he knows that is what Pip would want. Aside from Joes unconditional love and kindness, Joe also tries to teach Pip the skill of blacksmithing despite Pips disinterest. When offered the premium from Miss Havisham, Joe cannot decline it but is persistent in making sure that they both understand that he is teaching Pip out of love and not for money. Pip eventuall y has higher aspirations that Joe cannot provide or help with and Pip begins to resent Joe for his lack of class and intelligence. Pip at this point means no harm to those around hi...

Profile of Air Chief Marshal Sir Hugh Dowding

Profile of Air Chief Marshal Sir Hugh Dowding Born April 24, 1882, at Moffat, Scotland, Hugh Dowding was the son of a schoolmaster. Attending St. Ninians Preparatory School as a boy, he continued his education at Winchester College at age 15. After two years of further schooling, Dowding elected to pursue a military career and began classes at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich in September 1899. Graduating the following year, he was commissioned as a subaltern and posted to the Royal Garrison Artillery. Sent to Gibraltar, he subsequently saw service in Ceylon and Hong Kong. In 1904, Dowding was assigned to the No. 7 Mountain Artillery Battery in India. Learning to Fly Returning to Britain, he was accepted for the Royal Staff College and began classes in January 1912. In his spare time, he quickly became fascinated by flying and aircraft. Visiting the Aero Club at Brooklands, he was able to convince them to give him flying lessons on credit. A quick learner, he soon received his flying certificate. With this in hand, he applied to the Royal Flying Corps to become a pilot. The request was approved and he joined the RFC in December 1913. With the outbreak of ​World War I in August 1914, Dowding saw service with Nos. 6 and 9 Squadrons. Dowding in World War I Seeing service at the front, Dowding showed a deep interest in wireless telegraphy which led him to return to Britain in April 1915 to form the Wireless Experimental Establishment at Brooklands. That summer, he was given command of No. 16 Squadron and returned to the fighting until posted to the 7th Wing at Farnborough in early 1916. In July, he was assigned to lead 9th (Headquarters) Wing in France. Taking part in the Battle of the Somme, Dowding clashed with the commander of the RFC, Major General Hugh Trenchard, over the need to rest pilots at the front. This dispute soured their relationship and saw Dowding reassigned to the Southern Training Brigade. Though promoted to brigadier general in 1917, his conflict with Trenchard ensured that he did not return to France. Instead, Dowding moved through various administrative posts for the remainder of the war. In 1918, he moved to the newly created Royal Air Force and in the years after the war led No. 16 and No. 1 Groups. Moving into staff assignments, he was sent to the Middle East in 1924 as the chief staff officer for the RAF Iraq Command. Promoted to air vice marshal in 1929, he joined the Air Council a year later. Building the Defenses On the Air Council, Dowding served as Air Member for Supply and Research and later Air Member for Research and Development (1935). In these positions, he proved instrumental in modernizing Britains aerial defenses. Encouraging the design of advanced fighter aircraft, he also supported the development of new Radio Direction Finding equipment. His efforts ultimately led to the design and production of the Hawker Hurricane and Supermarine Spitfire. Having been promoted to air marshal in 1933, Dowding was selected to lead the newly formed Fighter Command in 1936. Though overlooked for the position of Chief of the Air Staff in 1937, Dowding worked tirelessly to improve his command. Promoted to air chief marshal in 1937, Dowding developed the Dowding System which integrated several air defense components into one apparatus. This saw the uniting of radar, ground observers, raid plotting, and radio control of aircraft. These disparate components were tied together through a protected telephone network that was administered through his headquarters at RAF Bentley Priory. In addition, to better control his aircraft, he divided the command into four groups to cover all of Britain. These consisted of Air Vice Marshal Sir Quintin Brands 10 Group (Wales and the West Country), Air Vice Marshal Keith Parks 11 Group (Southeastern England), Air Vice Marshal Trafford Leigh-Mallorys 12 Group (Midland East Anglia), and Air Vice Marshal Richard Sauls 13 Group (Northern England, Scotland, Northern Ireland). Though scheduled to retire in June 1939, Dowding was asked to remain in his post until March 1940 due to the deteriorating international situation. His retirement was subsequently postponed until July and then October. As a result, Dowding remained at Fighter Command as World War II began. The Battle of Britain With the outbreak of World War II, Dowding worked with Chief of the Air Staff Air Chief Marshal Sir Cyril Newall to ensure that Britains defenses were not weakened in order to support campaigns on the Continent. Stunned by RAF fighter losses during the Battle of France, Dowding warned the War Cabinet of the dire consequences should it continue. With defeat on the Continent, Dowding worked closely with Park to ensure that air superiority was maintained during the Dunkirk Evacuation. As the German invasion loomed, Dowding, known as Stuffy to his men, was viewed as a steady but distant leader. As the Battle of Britain began in the summer of 1940, Dowding worked to ensure adequate aircraft and resources were available to his men. The brunt of the fighting was carried by Parks 11 Group and by Leigh-Mallorys 12 Group. Though badly stretched during the course of the fighting, Dowdings integrated system proved effective and at no point did he commit more than fifty percent of his aircraft to the battle zone. During the course of the fighting, a debate emerged between Park and Leigh-Mallory regarding tactics. While Park favored intercepting raids with individual squadrons and subjecting them to continued attack, Leigh-Mallory advocated for massed attacks by Big Wings consisting of at least three squadrons. The thought behind the Big Wing was that a larger number of fighters would increase enemy losses while minimizing RAF casualties. Opponents pointed out that it took longer for Big Wings to form and increased the danger of fighters being caught on the ground refueling. Dowding proved unable to resolve the differences between his commanders, as he preferred Parks methods while the Air Ministry favored the Big Wing approach. Dowding was also criticized during the battle by Vice Marshal William Sholto Douglas, Assistant Chief of Air Staff, and Leigh-Mallory for being too cautious. Both men felt that Fighter Command should be intercepting raids before they reached Britain. Dowding dismissed this approach as he believed it would increase losses in aircrew. By fighting over Britain, downed RAF pilots could be quickly returned to their squadrons rather than lost at sea. Though Dowdings approach and tactics proved correct for achieving victory, he was increasingly seen as uncooperative and difficult by his superiors. With the replacement of Newell with Air Chief Marshal Charles Portal, and with an aged Trenchard lobbying behind the scenes, Dowding was removed from Fighter Command in November 1940, shortly after winning the battle. Later Career Awarded the Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath for his role in the battle, Dowding was effectively sidelined for the rest of his career due to his outspoken and forthright manner. After conducting an aircraft purchasing mission to the United States, he returned to Britain and conducted an economic study on RAF manpower before retiring in July 1942. In 1943, he was created First Baron Dowding of Bentley Priory for his service to the nation. In his later years, he became actively engaged in spiritualism and increasingly bitter regarding his treatment by the RAF. Largely living away from the service, he did serve as the president of the Battle of Britain Fighter Association. Dowding died at Tunbridge Wells on February 15, 1970, and was buried at Westminster Abbey. Sources Royal Air Force Museum: Hugh DowdingWorld War II Database: Hugh DowdingRAFWeb: Hugh Dowding

Read the passage and answer the four questions provided Essay

Read the passage and answer the four questions provided - Essay Example ut as by that law of out nature, which makes food necessary to the life of man, population can never actually increase beyond the lowest nourishment capable of supporting it†(Malthus, 431). Basically, this means that nature has made it so that humans must have food and water to survive, and this is how nature keeps the population in check because without enough nourishment humans will die, which keeps the population down. When the human population is at the appropriate equilibrium, there is enough food and resources to go around, which makes for a happy society. Thomas Malthus makes the assumption that the more food and resources that are available, the quicker the human population and demographics will grow. Without enough food to go around, the population is not likely to increase as the birth rates will decrease and death rates will increase, which creates a more stable population. Malthus believes that the period between the doubling of the population will be much lengthier if food becomes much more difficult to acquire(Malthus, 431). Overall, these assumption do appear to be valid in that it is common sense that without sustenance, any population is less likely to succeed and thrive. To a certain extent, the argument developed by Malthus appears to have some roots in the idea of natural selection. The overall idea with natural selection is that the strong will survive, and the weak will perish. With this type of argument in mind, it is fair to say that public relief for the poor is essentially going against natural selection. By providing food and charity to the poor, this weak population is being kept alive instead of dying off like nature intended it. Therefore, in the view of Thomas Malthus, public relief should be discontinued or halted altogether because keeping poor people alive continues the process of draining nature’s sustenance for the strong. In this way, charity is very harmful to the Earth and the human population as a whole because the

Assess the Different Sources of the Law in England and Wales. To What Assignment

Assess the Different Sources of the Law in England and Wales. To What Extent have External Sources Affected its Development - Assignment Example This paper stresses the decisions of the courts and judges are based on relevant facts and relevant law and they also take support of case law (decisions taken by prior judges in similar situations). Judges base their decisions on precedents, which can be defined as decisions taken by judges based on relevant laws. Precedents can be primarily original in which, the judge takes a new decision based on relevant law and they can be binding in which, the judgment is based on a decision that is already taken on a similar situation previously. If the judgment is taken by superior courts such as House of Lords, Court of Appeal or High court, the lower courts have to abide by the same law. Therefore, precedents are taken into consideration in common law for reaching at a decision similar to some previous one or a new one. Common law deals with innovations and newness in law. But its progress is slow. However, it is quite relevant for solving criminal cases, civil law cases, employment cases and much more. From this paper it is clear that the courts take decisions based on precedents so the decisions taken by Supreme Court can be considered as the basis of common law used in England and Wales. English law is basically formed of common law or case law, which is quite old. Common law was formed as a law followed throughout England and Wales. Because the law depend on precedents, hence, the courts existent in England and Wales are organized in a hierarchy and the cases are properly reported and saved.  

Saving behaviour of Malaysian university students

Saving behaviour of Malaysian university students The purpose of doing this research is to determine the factors that influence the saving behavior towards private and public university students in Malaysia. There is an introduction regarding the research background about the factors influence the saving behavior towards private and public university students in Malaysia. For information, it determines the objectives of entire research and also justifies significant of research which outlines the purpose of this research. In addition, it also provided the definition for important terms throughout the research. With the rapid development of the financial system and the broader array of financial products and services available to consumers, there is an increasing need for Malaysians to make wise savings and investment decisions that will have lasting implications for their financial well-being. Due to the many peoples lack of the skill to manage their financial status, financial problems increase day by day. As a result, the understanding of the important of saving behavior and a clear picture of this matter is an important element to us. We are required to get a full answer from the problem. Previously there are a lot of researches had been done by other researcher. However, the studied is not well enough to give an insight or the key for the problem. The research is going to identify research problems by gathering all relevant and appropriate sources to support the statements and see how other researchers have perceived regarding the topic area. All data collected from previous studies are used to demonstrate the relationship between independent and dependent variables and it will show how independent variables make impact on the dependent variable. Chapter 2 Literature Review 2.2 Independent Variables 2.2.1 Demographic Factors Soo (2009) explained that demographic variables played a significant role in explaining attitude toward saving. However, when demographic variables were not considered, characteristics of saving goals and individual regulatory orientation were significantly related to attitude toward saving. In addition, the effect of saving goals was moderated by a households regulatory orientation. Moreover, it was concluded that saving goals affect attitude towards saving and saving behavior among peoples. Based on Jehad (2007), understanding the demographic problem behind the saving patterns is benefits for designing effective public policy. Age According with Joe, Hadley Balasundram (2002), many college students were unworried about their own financial status, future wealth, and retirement planning. Thus, the attitudes of the preschool children toward saving can consider an important personal characteristic because it may give an impact to them for their future life. (John Andrew, 2002). Nowadays young generation have low level of financial literacy, which due to their uncontrolled expenditure behavior. In the advancing ages, it would be quite difficult for an individual to develop the habit of systematic manage their financial planning (Pillai, Rozita Rachel, 2010). Due to the age factor, youth lack of the skill of financial literacy compared to middle-aged and older adults who have more experienced in financial planning (Pillai et. al., 2010). Besides, based on Elsa, Annamaria Chiara (2009), older individuals may have little discretionary saving the reason is because the amount of saving is already providing for their future retirement needs. From the research of Mohamad Maurice (2010), students who had late enrolled in their childhood consumer experience were considerably less likely to report financial problems. Moreover, Students are never required to educate themselves on personal finance. Once they enter the workforce, they will likely not take the time to become more financially literate and will not adequately prepare for their retirement (Chris Oliver, 2011). In contrast, the younger generation and the elderly save very little primarily due to their lower income, respectively. Thus, the life cycle hypothesis implies that private saving rises with a higher percentage of the working population, and falls with a higher percentage of the younger generation and aging population .According to the life cycle hypothesis, the middle age groups were categories to be the best in managing their saving. The life cycle hypothesis also suggests that young and old groups are the least likely to save because of their situation (Jehad 2007). A positive relationship between age and saving has been reported in many studies (Chang, 1994; Johnson Widdows, 1985; Browning Lusardi, 1996). Browning andLusardi documented a complex relationship between age and saving. Using crosssectional data, they concluded that elderly savings can be complicated by a cohort effect. Generally, people reaching maturity at different times might vary their attitude toward risk and borrowing, consequently affecting their saving rate. Using panel data, Hurd (1990) reported a decline in wealth among the elderly, suggesting a negative relationship between age and saving. Other studies compared the actual saving rate of different age groups with the expected saving rate based on economic models. Browning and Crossley (2001) concluded that while the elderly dissave, their actual dissaving rate is not as large as that predicted by an economic model. Avery and Kennickell (1991) found that age groups older than 65 saved more than what would be expected ba sed on an economic model. Gender According with Maria Stephanie (2002), studies in the field of psychometrics had found out that female attitude toward risk differs from male and demonstrates that gender is a powerful determinant of risk attitudes and judgments. The Study of John Andrew (2002) had show that the mothers attitudes are systematically both more important and than man. It can be said that female students were more likely to engage in savings behavior than male students (Maria et. al., 2002) In addition, according from Mohamad, Maurice, Jariah, Tahira Mohd (2008), female students had greater financial well-being than male students. From Angela, Urvi Erik (2008), it stated that women wealth has historically been lower than men. Moreover, the results of the current study had showed that there has an existing of the differences within saving behaviors between men and women (Angela et. al., 2008). Patti (2010) had reported that women who were in poor health condition were seldom to make their saving in the short period, while poor health condition did not significantly influence the short term saving of men. Furthermore, Patti et. al., (2010) has shown that the economic wellbeing and financial behaviors of male and female differ significantly. Female hold lower levels of wealth and have significantly lower earnings than male. Gender based differences in behavior that are systematic and widespread can influence consumptions, savings, investment and the level of risk taking at aggregate level were mentioned by (Szekeres et. al., 2010). The researches on developing countries proved that women may have a stronger preference than men for buying goods and services that contribute to the human capital of their children, such as food, education, and health care (Valeria, 2010). The study of Szekeres (2010) show that the term of gender refers to socially learned behaviors that are associated with females and males. Parents Marital Status David (2010) the analysis indicates that marital-status transitions play an important role that can impacts on personal saving decisions especially in the cases of widowhood and divorce. It stated that, when people get married, form a family, or separate through divorce or widowhood, they can experience dramatic changes in their financial positions. Therefore, the marital status and children almost certainly affect household resources, preferences, and background risk, and these elements lie at the heart of any analysis of optimal asset allocation and wealth buildup over the life cycle. In addition, households experience an increase in wealth due to the merging of the spouses assets after they marriage. Moreover, household heads of each gender must engage one of five states at the beginning of each age. They can be married, divorced, widowed, never married, or deceased. According to Berkay (2010), it suggested that the legalization of divorce led to a significant increase in the propensity to save by married individuals, which is consistent with individuals saving more as a response to the increase in the probability of marital breakup. Moreover, from the same research, some theoretical work has made a challenge to introduce marriage and divorce explicitly in a model of savings. It argued that different channels through which marital transitions can have an effect on consumption and savings. Avery and Kennickell (1991) reported that during a three-year period the wealth of those married or single (for the entire period) increased, which indicated saving. However, wealth decreased for those whose status changed between 1983 and 1986. Rha, Montalto, and Hanna (2006) discovered that households with single heads and children, households with married heads and children, and households with single female heads without children were less likely to save, relative to households with single male heads without children. Households with children tend to save less (Douthitt Fedyk, 1989; Bosworth et al. 1991; Browning Crossley, 2001; Freyland, 2004; Deaton, 2005). Ethnicity According to Yusof, Erik Bart (2000), there were large fraction of the ethnic Malay work in low-wage industries, whereas the ethnic Chinese and Indians frequently work in high-wage industries. For information, Mohamad Maurice (2010) were found that it has a negative coefficient indicating that Chinese students were substantially less likely to have effective financial behavior than the reference category such as Malay, Indian and others. Perry and Morris (2005) used data from the 1999 Freddie Mac Consumer Credit Survey to examine responsible financial behaviors, such as saving money. They found low-income African Americans were more likely to engage in responsible financial behaviors than their low-income White counterparts. The research did not find a significant interaction effect between race and income with respect to responsible financial behaviors for the Asian and Hispanic groups. Rha, Montalto, and Hanna (2006) found that households with a White respondent were more likely to save than those with Black or Hispanic respondents. They also found that Black households were significantly less likely to save than White households. However, Hogarth and Anguelov (2003) found that Hispanics were more likely than Whites to be savers. Their results showed no differences among Blacks, Whites, and other races in likelihood of being a saver. 2.1.2 Family Structure An additional child might cause a negative influence on a familys ability to save while. On the other hand, it may boost up the parents desire to save more (Tim, Sandra, Roslyn, Robert, 2006). The studies of Kathy (2009) had mentioned that the geographical redistribution of financial infrastructure, away from lower income communities, has resulted in geographical pockets of financial exclusion, economic decline, poverty and deprivation, as low-income households often do not have access to financial institutions and savings incentives. Additionally, low-income consumers often have to suffice with lower quality goods and services. They may have no choice but to purchase second hand goods, an option that is almost always viewed as second best (Joseph et. al., 2009). Besides, Additionally one can speculate about whether students from wealthy families might have had more and earlier consumer experience and greater financial socialization, so that those who scored higher on those predictors might also be able to rely more on their parents to assist them after graduation (Mohamad Maurice,2010) From the research of John Andrew (2002), it shows that parents wealth residuals are correlated to childrens wealth residuals. In other words, parents who save more than expected are more likely to have children who also save more than expected even after controlling for parental wealth. In addition, the first prediction of the model of the research were the savings behavior of children should be similar to that of their parents, controlling for income, age and other demographic variables. Thus, children observe parents consumption and planning behavior and may learn, or simply absorb, particular attitudes that affect savings behavior. Furthermore, homogeneity within communities and heterogeneity across communities could lead to relationships between parents and childrens behaviors. In between, the parental wealth may have direct effects on childrens behavior. Household income or lifetime earnings are positively associated with increases in household savings (Browning Lusardi, 1996; Chang, 1994; Rha, Montalto, Hanna, 2006; Hurd Zissimopoulus, 2003). Perry and Morris (2005) found that people with higher incomes were more likely to engage in responsible financial management behaviors, such as saving money. Avery and Kennickell (1991) reported that individuals with incomes more than $50,000 saved more than economic theory would suggest. Chang (1994) noted that income had a positive effect on saving. Rha, Montalto, and Hanna (2006) found a positive relationship between household income and the probability of saving. Browning and Lusardi (1996) noted that households with greater income uncertainty possessed higher savings from current income. 2.2 Spending Pattern Pillai et. al., 2010 With availability of generous pocket money, personal credit cards, access to credit cards of family members or high-paid jobs at prime age, young people are faster becoming impulsive spenders and prove reckless often. Moreover, strategic marketers are designing products and services targeting young generation. With the ease of information access through the Internet and web technology, marketers have managed to capture a significant market of youth through online store sales. In the Asian subcontinent, new trends in fashion, electronic gadgets, sports, video games, mall culture and music are important contributors to wasteful spending among the youth. Most of todays young adults, although smart and independent, scarcely understand the value of money because of the desire to adopt extravagant lifestyles, in addition the above mentioned factors. Young adults under the age of 30 are now the fastest growing age group filing for bankruptcy. Besides, evidences show tha t college students tend to spend their discretionary income on instant gratification of their wants rather than save money for their further education. Hibbert, Beutler Martin (2004) examine the influence of parental financial prudence on the attitude and behaviors of the next generation toward their finances. The study underscores the importance of family atmosphere to inculcate the necessity of being rational in personal financial management from the very early life of a person. Moreover, keeping personal financial records makes one to keep track of his or her various expenses and also develop the qualities of a cautious spender because one is constantly aware of how much he/she has spent probably during the last week, month or year. For information, spending in excess of their earnings is one of the most common problems faced by young adults today. The youth are following the I want philosophy, that is, they are more interested in accumulating material possessions than saving money and this leads to the domino effect of making impulsive purchasing decisions resulting in overspending and shortage of money. In addition, credit car d use habit has grown phenomenally among young adults. This increase in the number of youth holding credit cards and incurring credit card debt has generated concern that these young people are over extended and unaware of the long-term consequences associated with severe indebtedness. Moreover, John Andrew (2002) had mentioned that children are always be able to observe parents spending and planning behavior and learn the behavior from them. Mohamad Maurice (2010) stated that more than half of the respondents did not save any money when they received their scholarship or education loan. More than half of the students used their money for shopping. The data showed that 45 percent of them spent all their money before the end of the semester. 2.3 Educational Qualification It is obvious that people who are educated would be more aware about their future life. Thus, the important on saving might be one of the factors that make them taking into their consideration (Joseph, Clifford Annette, 2011). In addition, Masud, Husniyah, Laily, Sonya (2004) had pointed out that it is possible for educators to offer a course that teaches the financial skills necessary to overcome the financial problems among university students. For information, John Marco (2000) explored that the parents education levels would have a causal effect on childs education. Moreover, Mohamad Maurice (2010) stated that those students with higher financial knowledge were more likely to engage in saving behavior. Furthermore, the research said that the college-educated parents are strongly associated with higher residuals, it may effect that survives controlling for wealth (John Andrew 2002). Angela, Urvi Erik (2008) predictable a bargaining model of household saving behavior and found out those households where the husband had more education than the wife had lower levels of net worth. Higher rates of tertiary education which could perhaps be counted as another form of investment have also contributed to increasing debt (Janice,2007) 2.4 Sibling Rank Keister (2003) found that the number of siblings a person has is a significant predictor of the importance one places on saving for retirement. The more siblings one has, the less time each child has devoted exclusively to them from their parents. Parents with more children tend to save less and have less time to educate each child about saving. Also, the more siblings one has the less likely their parents are to pay for college, give them a car, or put the down payment on their first home. This causes them to have to pay for these items with no financial assistance from their parents. They are forced to start their finances off in debt and once someone is in debt, they often remain there for the rest of their lives. In addition, the more siblings one has the less likely they are to receive an inheritance when their parents pass away. In addition, it also finds that overall, the more siblings one has the less wealth accumulation they are likely to achieve. 2.5 Place of Origin Masud, Husniyah, Laily Sonya (2004) had mentioned that when the place of origin was compared, a higher percentage of those from rural areas reported experiencing more problems compared to those from urban areas. Students from rural areas may have a limited amount of resources in comparison to urban area students. Soo(2009). A students residential status can also influence the problems he or she faces. A higher percentage of those living off campus did not have sufficient money to last until the end of semester compared to those living on campus. Students living off campus spend more money on items that students on campus do not have to pay for, such as gasoline for commuting. Yet, a higher percentage of students living on campus reported skipping meals to save money. Since their money was not sufficient to last until the end semester, several students have to borrow money from friends. Thirty percent of males and no females indicated that they plan to pay off their debt when they get the money.